Berikut topologi jaringan + diagram lengkap RT/RW Net modern (level profesional, siap implementasi & jual). Saya buat lebih rapi + detail supaya bisa langsung jadi blueprint teknis.
π§ 1. Topologi Utama (End-to-End)
Β
[ INTERNET / ISP ]
β
(Fiber / Wireless)
β
[ Router Utama ]
(Mikrotik / CCR)
β
[ Core Switch ]
β
ββββββββββββββββββββΌβββββββββββββββββββ
β β β
[Tower 1] [Tower 2] [Tower 3]
(BTS Mini) (Repeater) (Repeater)
β β β
PtMP Clients Distribusi Distribusi
(Rumah User) Lokal Desa Lokal Desa
β β β
[CPE User] [CPE User] [CPE User]
β β β
[WiFi Rumah] [WiFi Rumah] [WiFi Rumah]
β
(Fiber / Wireless)
β
[ Router Utama ]
(Mikrotik / CCR)
β
[ Core Switch ]
β
ββββββββββββββββββββΌβββββββββββββββββββ
β β β
[Tower 1] [Tower 2] [Tower 3]
(BTS Mini) (Repeater) (Repeater)
β β β
PtMP Clients Distribusi Distribusi
(Rumah User) Lokal Desa Lokal Desa
β β β
[CPE User] [CPE User] [CPE User]
β β β
[WiFi Rumah] [WiFi Rumah] [WiFi Rumah]
Β
ποΈ 2. Penjelasan Layer Jaringan
π΅ A. CORE (Pusat Kontrol)
Perangkat:
- Mikrotik RB4011 / CCR
Fungsi:
- PPPoE Server (login pelanggan)
- NAT & Firewall
- Bandwidth Management
- Monitoring trafik
π Ini βotakβ seluruh jaringan
π’ B. DISTRIBUTION (Tower / BTS Mini)
Perangkat:
- Access Point 5GHz (Ubiquiti / CPE)
Mode:
- PtMP (Point to Multi Point) β ke pelanggan
- PtP (Point to Point) β antar tower
Fungsi:
- Menyebarkan internet ke area luas
- Memperpanjang jangkauan
π‘ C. ACCESS (Pelanggan)
Perangkat:
- CPE (antenna kecil di rumah)
- Router WiFi indoor
Fungsi:
- Menerima sinyal dari tower
- Membagi ke HP/laptop
π‘ 3. Diagram Detail (Lebih Teknis)
Β
INTERNET
β
[ONT / Modem ISP]
β
ether1
[ MIKROTIK CORE ]
ββββββββββββΌβββββββββββ
β β β
VLAN 10 VLAN 20 VLAN 30
(Management) (User) (Monitoring)
β β β
[ CORE SWITCH MANAGED ]
β
ββββββββΌββββββββββββββββ
β β β
[Tower A][Tower B] [Tower C]
β β β
PtMP PtP Link PtMP
β β β
Users Tower D Users
β β
[CPE] [CPE]
β β
[Router WiFi] [Router WiFi]
β
[ONT / Modem ISP]
β
ether1
[ MIKROTIK CORE ]
ββββββββββββΌβββββββββββ
β β β
VLAN 10 VLAN 20 VLAN 30
(Management) (User) (Monitoring)
β β β
[ CORE SWITCH MANAGED ]
β
ββββββββΌββββββββββββββββ
β β β
[Tower A][Tower B] [Tower C]
β β β
PtMP PtP Link PtMP
β β β
Users Tower D Users
β β
[CPE] [CPE]
β β
[Router WiFi] [Router WiFi]
Β
βοΈ 4. Desain VLAN (WAJIB untuk Profesional)
Segmentasi:
- VLAN 10 β Management (admin jaringan)
- VLAN 20 β User (pelanggan)
- VLAN 30 β Monitoring
π Keuntungan:
- Jaringan lebih aman
- Tidak mudah dibobol user
- Lebih stabil saat scale besar
πΆ 5. Desain Wireless
A. Tower ke Client (PtMP)
- Frekuensi: 5 GHz
- Jarak: 1β3 km
- Kapasitas:
- 1 AP β 30β50 user
B. Antar Tower (PtP)
- Frekuensi: 5 GHz / 24 GHz
- Jarak: sampai 20 km
- Kecepatan tinggi (backhaul)
π 6. Skema IP Address
Core:
- 192.168.10.1 β Router utama
PPPoE User:
- 192.168.20.0/24
Management:
- 192.168.99.0/24
π§ 7. Flow Traffic (Alur Internet)
- User buka internet
- Request β CPE β Tower
- Tower β Core Router
- Router β ISP
- Balik ke user
π Semua lewat Mikrotik (kontrol penuh)
π 8. Sistem Ketahanan (Reliability)
Wajib:
- UPS di:
- Router
- Tower
- Grounding tower
Opsional (Pro):
- Dual ISP (failover)
- Backup link wireless
π 9. Kapasitas Ideal
| Komponen | Kapasitas Aman |
|---|---|
| 1 Tower | 30β50 user |
| 100 Mbps | 40β60 user |
| 1 Core Router | 100β300 user |
β οΈ 10. Titik Kritis (Sering Gagal di Lapangan)
β Tower terlalu rendah
β‘οΈ Solusi: min 10β20 meter
β Tidak LOS (Line of Sight)
β‘οΈ Sinyal terhalang β lemot
β Overload user
β‘οΈ Harus dibatasi
π 11. Versi Siap Jual (Produk Kamu)
Kamu bisa jual sebagai:
πΌ Paket RT/RW Net Lengkap
Isi:
- Desain jaringan
- Instalasi tower
- Config Mikrotik
- Training operator
Harga:
π Rp15 β 30 juta / desa
π Model Langganan (Recurring Income)
- Maintenance: Rp500rb β 1 juta / bulan
- Monitoring + support
π₯ 12. Versi Upgrade (Level ISP Kecil)
Kalau mau naik level:
- Multi tower (5β10 lokasi)
- Core router CCR
- Sistem billing otomatis
- NOC (Network Operation Center)
π Kesimpulan
Topologi ini:
β Stabil
β Murah
β Bisa scale dari desa β kecamatan
β Sudah standar ISP lokal profesional